The Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA) is India’s new evidence law replacing the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 (IEA). It came into force on 1 July 2024 as Act No. 47 of 2023. The BSA contains 170 sections across 12 chapters organised into 4 parts. It modernises evidence law to include electronic and digital records, strengthens witness protections, and aligns evidentiary rules with the BNS and BNSS. Click any chapter to read its sections.